petition for writ of mandate california sample petition for writ of mandate california sample

*lZ~rLsgf_s`)M -EwMe}O&%z3\Q6]/V2[r-{ZB$x*wL$ulz} i9t.k+h| Q[\e_{ tuLw3Ut{xbU&jufYG>Gt%z:|>)|z1(\W4rK:S+v .o[,fs*):J[HL/H:^ We will email you Special Proceedings. of Labor S, 971 Embarcadero del Mar, LLC vs The Board of Supervisors of the County of , Writ of Mandate - Filed by Edwin F. McPherson (Petitioner), EDWIN F. MCPHERSON VS JANUS HEALTH AR LLC, A CALIFORNIA LIMITED LIABILITY , Petition for Writ for Review/Mandate/Prohibition - Writ of Mandate, LOPEZ, IGNACIO PEREZ vs DIRECTOR OF THE DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES, Petitioner's Writ of Mandate - Writ of Mandate, Rocanella BSN, James, Jr vs CA Board of Registered Nursing (BRN), Application for Right to Attach Order and Writ of Attachment, Petition for Writ of Administrative Mandate, Petition to Approve Compromise of Disputed Claim, Monarch County Mobilehome OA vs City of Goleta et al, NOEL P. SCOTT vs. CSP SAN QUENTIN, ET AL, Sourcewise vs. California Department of Aging, YOUNG TOCKGO ET AL VS HANIN FEDERAL CREDIT UNION ET AL. To overturn a DMV suspension, a motorist may appeal it by asking a superior court judge to issue a writ. Hj!uk Pi@,ns>OxKN_G/]ANweMs,T -'Lgf@6i 533{TS+ td9*y*e"\B@ 5 P@ g@N,23r4odBbG| ~ 0 d The trial court not only examines the administrative record for errors of law, but also exercises its independent judgment upon evidence disclosed in a li Rupert Staine v. Board of Civil Service PETITION FOR ALTERNATIVE WRIT OF MANDATE TO SET ASIDE SUSPENSION OF DRIVING PRIVILEGE DUI BOOKLET SUPERIOR COURT OF CALIFORNIA COUNTY OF ORANGE L- 1158 New March 2 2009 CM-010 ATTORNEY OR PARTY WITHOUT ATTORNEY Name State Bar number and . Petition for Writ of Administrative Mandate in California - Trellis In the event that a hearing is requested, oral argument shall be limited to no more than 20 minutes per side. at 1169. Subpoena any witnesses who might provide favorable testimony -- a bank officer, for example, or a doctor. when new changes related to " are available. (Id. hb```nqK 1C0f+?|;LS22nefha`9sL 10 It provides that a writ issued for the purpose of inquiring into the validity of any final administrative order or decision made as the result of a proceeding in which by law a hearing is required to be given, evidence is required to be taken, and discretion in the determination of facts is vested in the inferior tribunal, corporation, board, or officer, the case shall be heard by the court sitting without a jury. (Code of Civ. endobj Petition for Writ of Mandate/ Prohibition/ Certification (Transaction BAq!zy6dOX^Y Yc7D W"R?d9O!5'>>WP"&1#)Gy8\_U4hUFltj-;fxHe;g8xU:OBnz~IT:t.8Try2,KUt=+w,?S.-&QAiz):NX]7e%9^8gq+r`?vZ=b}}~n!Gg Z 319794 . (See Ct. Confusing, because "petition for writ of mandate" describes two completely _____ appeal from the superior court for the county of orange hon. Madison , 5 U.S. 137 when William Marbury attempted to have the Supreme Court issue a writ of mandamus to force Thomas Jefferson to install Marbury as a justice of the peace. (Topanga, supra, 11 Cal.3d at 514-15.) superior court of the state of california, county of orange respondents, city of fullerton real party in interest. (Clark vs. City of Hermosa Beach (1996) 48 Cal.App.4th 1152.) Real Parties in Interest. A writ of mandate may be either peremptory or alternative. Proc., 1068(b), 1085(b) and 1103(b).) CA Petition for Writ of Mandate Prohibition or Other Appropriate Relief Does America have solicitors and barristers? ), Proceedings on a petition for writ of mandate are special proceedings rather than civil actions. <>/Border[ 0 0 0]/H/I/Rect[ 119.142 629.199 244.322 640.549]/StructParent 40/Subtype/Link/Type/Annot>> PDF Moon Camp Petition for Writ of Mandate - Biological Diversity Assn. These petitions are filed in the Supreme Court of India. Filing a Petition for Writ of Mandate for Unemployment? Read This First AGEN, 1 at 259. 707 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 4300 . Your credits were successfully purchased. Tel: (415) 217-2000 -4822 The second prong of the beneficial interest test is whether the interest the plaintiff seeks to advance is within the zone of interests to be protected or regulated by the legal duty asserted. (Waste Management of Alameda County, Inc. v. County of Alameda (2000) 79 Cal.App.4th 1223, 1233-1234. ), A proceeding under 1094.5 is the exclusive remedy for judicial review of the quasi-adjudicatory administrative action of the local-level agency. (City of Santee v. Super. (Ibid. PDF Preliminary Opposition to Petition for Writ of Mandate CH PALLADIUM, LLC; CH PALLADIUM HOLDINGS, LLC; 5929 SUNSET (HOLLYWOOD) LLC; CRE-HAR CROSSROADS SPV, LLC; 6400 SUNSET, LLC A writ of mandamus is a remedy that can be used to compel a lower court to perform an act that is ministerial in nature and that the court has a clear duty to do under law. 140862 . . pu]w]RV;jUh@hL!Yt !c^ L`BAA'X"TB`BH@LA6BB0>a# xE[\ I0!I0!I0! (1) Writs. Warden, Lt. Arebelo Fox Yard Lieutenant, Sgt. Statutory Violation (Govt. 9 Read court documents, court records online and search Trellis.law comprehensive legal database for any state court documents. You can get these rules and forms at any courthouse or county law library or online at www.courtinfo.ca.gov /rules. A writ petition can be filed by any individual in the Supreme Court when Fundamental Rights have been violated by the State whereas a writ petition can be filed in the High Court when Fundamental Rights or any other rights have been violated by the State. Fill in the required details. HSj@}WTh/\;@%u!VjT}gWcBmpe3g{blEY4>?PY 0 d5Qo endstream After serving the county, we will then have to file a . v. thomas a. delaney, (657) 622-5224 superior court no. There are some agency decisions that by statute or case law are judicially reviewed at the appellate level. (Cal. The party must also provide a copy to the trial-court judge. PRAYER 5 . (Board of Supervisors v. Super. TpF06m*An ?-*R\2|TUGMB;9b$eVSS~bDI_}$tPxj Ky:- hbbd``b`3S$ r U Ver California Practice Guide: Civil Appeals and Writs, KFC 1075 .E47 (disponible en la sede de San Bernardino, en formato impreso y en lnea en todas las sedes a travs de Westlaw), o California Civil Writ Practice, KFC 1070 .C35, volumen 2 (disponible en las sedes de San Bernardino y West End, en formato impreso y en lnea en todas las . The burden is on the appellant to show there is no substantial evidence whatsoever to support the findings. (Id. There might be instances where the Act deprives the assessee or the commissioner of the right to appeal. Meyers Nave Secures Key Victory In California Supreme Court Confirming Hearing Date: Petition for Writ of Mandate to Compel Compliance with the Public Records Act, Complaint for Declaratory Relief and Preliminary and Permanent Injunction filed March 7, 2019 ("Petition"). (Topanga Assn for a Scenic Community v. County of Los Angeles, (Topanga) (1974) 11 Cal.3d 506, 514-15.) FATE hereby petitions this Court for a writ of mandate directed to the respondent Superior Court of the State of California for the County of Alameda. Miscellaneous Document Filed - ALTERNATIVE WRIT OF ADMINISTRATIVE MANDATE , SIERRA ECHO -V- STATE OF CALIFORNIA Print, ORDER GRANTING WRIT OF ADMINISTRATIVE MANDATE, MARK A. The California Supreme Court is the highest court in the state and it chooses which cases to hear. Box 2446 Carlsbad, CA 920182446 SBN 108342 Telephone: (760) 7300500 Attorney for Petitioner CHRISTINA HARRIS SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA COUNTY OF SAN DIEGO, CENTRAL DIVISION . The court noted that Petitioners counsel represented at the hearing that the [June 26] meeting had been recorded, but that a tran Background. California Code, Code of Civil Procedure - CCP 1085 | FindLaw Code of Civil Procedure Section 1094.5 governs writs of administrative mandate, which are used . BROWN VS. CALIFORNIA UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE APPEALS BOARD et al, Miscellaneous Document Filed - PEREMPTORY WRIT OF ADMINISTRATIVE MANDATE I, Notice Filed - Notice of Motion for Writ of Administrative Mandate, ORDER DENYING PETITIONER'S WRIT OF ADMINISTRATIVE MANDATE, xxxxxxxxxxxxxx VS. SAN FRANCISCO ANIMAL CARE AND CONTROL, Motion for Writ of Administrative Mandate Denied - Ruling, Land VS California Unemployment Insurance Appeals Board, ORDER DENYING PETITION FOR WRIT OF ADMINISTRATIVE MANDATE, RUTH A. RODGERS MD VS. MEDICAL BOARD OF CALIFORNIA ET AL, REX PRATHER VS. DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES, IBRAHIM KAILEH ET AL VS. SAN FRANCISCO RESEDENTIAL RENT STABILIZATION ET AL, Application for Right to Attach Order and Writ of Attachment, Notice of Appeal to an Administrative Hearing, ABM Facility Services, Inc. vs. Los Angeles, CA 90017 . To file a petition for a writ in the appellate division, you must bring or mail the original petition, including the supporting documents, and the proof of service to the clerk for the appellate division of the superior court that took the action or issued the ruling you are challenging. $ Jy SL| .#/ + ; RULING SUPERIOR COURT OF CALIFORNIA COUNTY OF SACRAMENTO HRG DATE I TIME January 21, 2022 I 9:00A.M. The fancy legal term is writ of mandate or writ of mandamus following the Latin convention. The matter was heard by a Hearing Examiner on June 29-30, August 3-4, and September 22, 2015. The petitioner has filed a reply to the affidavit reply of the respondent. Ordinary mandates in California are governed by Cal. ; Treber v . endobj 6 hb```"+ ea = QcS;PYfLuw@A_>Gnk0 $ ,0f`h0`hp`h`hp The proffered evidence, which goes to whether there would be a fiscal impact on the City of a finding in Matheis favor and the reasons for the timing of his application fo ..rumsky v. San Diego County Employees Retirement Association (1974) 11 Cal.3rd 28, 32. Successful Family Law Petitions For Writ Relief - dennistemkolaw 0 Respondents Hanin Federal Credit Union, Choon Hyung Jhoun, James Lee, Bog Sub Lee, Juan Lee, Young Hwan Cho, Tai Ho Kang and Teahyon Leem (Respondents) demur to the first amended petition for writ of mandate ..lege that Respondents distributed inaccurate minutes of the June 26, 2016 Board meeting to legitimize the removals of Petitioners. Without reaching the merits of the issue, the Court of Appeal reverses, finding the . The major difference between these two is that under the Writ Act 226 there is a constitutional remedy for all people. What is the difference between CrPC and IPC? Where there has been an opportunity to present evidence on an issue in an administrative hearing, a party is not entitled to present new evidence on remand. Park Owner and the City appealed. " [A] writ of mandate may not be issued where the petitioner's rights are otherwise adequately protected." (Code of Civ. Petition for Writ of Mandate February 28, 2023. Proc., 1085.) An Introduction to California DMV Writs | Beat DMV | Los Angeles In a mandate proceeding, the petitioner asks the superior or appellate court to direct an inferior judicial or administrative body to do something. Mandate rule is a principle that states an inferior court has to comply with the mandates issued by any appellate court. hVmo0+}~I$Rt5hBT8 /VV$*SW%*%Xd]*2'. F? PDF WKH&$ VW'LVWULFW&RXUWRI$SSHDO - Citizen (d).) To file a Petition for Alternative Writ of Mandate, it is necessary for you to prepare and serve your petition. <> PDF PETITION FOR WRIT BOOKLET - occourts.org California Rules of Court, rules 8.9708.977 This information sheet tells you about writ proceedingsproceedings in which a person is asking for a writ of mandate, prohibition, or reviewin small claims cases. This action was filed in March 2 003. try clicking the minimize button instead. %%EOF A petition for writ of administrative mandate must be filed within the agency's timeline. PETITION FOR WRIT OF MANDATE . The Appeals Board is a respondent and therefore a party to any workers' compensation writ matters. While both are used to challenge government agencies, they each have different purposes. By this petition and pursuant to California 8 Government Code 6250-6270, the ACLU-SC now seeks a peremptory writ of mandate to compel the 9 Police Department to produce documents in compliance with the CPRA. Petition for Writ of Mandate-CCP 1094.5 . Primary tabs. iH0* ( Hde A&30 30 . In modern practice, a writ of mandate may be issued by an appellate court to a trial court, to compel the performance of an act which the law specially enjoins. ), The petitioner always bears the burden of proof in an ordinary mandate proceeding. 0 When your state or federal criminal appeals are exhausted, including a state-level petition for a Writ of Habeas Corpus, then your attorney will draft a petition for a Writ of Habeas Corpus and file it with the proper U.S. District Court. endobj CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIO ..e the final ruling of the Court unless a party wishing to be heard so advises the clerk of this Department no later than 4:00 p.m. on the court day preceding the hearing and further advises the clerk that such party has notified the other side of its intention to appear. . v. Sutton (1945) 69 Cal.App.2d 181, 184.) The Appellate Division has jurisdiction over all petitions for writs of mandate, prohibition, and review (certiorari) in any misdemeanor, infraction, or limited civil case. PDF VS. - Law Firm Of Richard L. Duquette A panel of thre e judges participates in each petition for writs of . Judicial review of most public agency decisions is obtained by a proceeding for a writ of ordinary or administrative mandate. As with the petition for writ of mandate, the petition for supersedeas must be verified. Government agencies are Commissioners for the City of Los Angeles, 2. 1. The trial court may issue a writ of administrative mandate where the agency has acted in excess of its jurisdiction, deprived petitioner of a fair hearing, or committed prejudicial abuse of discretion. [G]eneral allegations, without reference to any facts, are not sufficient to sustain [the] burden of showing that [an alternative] remedy would be inadequate. (Phelan v. Super. 1129 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<1599455A658E9E4CB01C02F647B18BCE><37BC8DF13AF3FF4FAAA96D88A0E2D72F>]/Index[1100 64]/Info 1099 0 R/Length 132/Prev 568373/Root 1101 0 R/Size 1164/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream (Code Civ. }RrN9Lc12Nz?Jy8'GTZZB*PX+$0sB I*J.j7AH(/|A A writ of mandate may be granted by a . Please check official sources. 3 0 obj v. Woodside (1994) 7 Cal.4th 525, 539.) A peremptory writ of mandate, or mandamus, is a judicial writ (i.e. see rules 4.550-4.552 of the California Rules of Court and Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus (form MC-275). Attend the hearing and present your case. Plaintiff is currently an inmate a ..eries, 6 AAA batteries, and a book lamp. endobj g*z-8*8! g@p _+L 6. 4 Santa Ana, California 92705-710 1 (714) 953-5300 Telephone 5 (714) 953-1143 Facsimile asnodgrass@law4cops.com Email 6 csmith@law4cops.com Email . 3 10 0 obj CLERK 17 Ward . Generally, a petition for writ of mandate is used when challenging any administrative decision, even when the reason for challenging is underlined by another law. Under the independent review standard, the trial court determines whether the weight of the evidence supports the agencys findings. Arbitration Petition. <>stream having the proper label (e.g., petition for writ of mandate deem it to be a you if mistakenly prayed for writ ofa prohibition) and may call you if a critical part of the record is missing. %PDF-1.5 % R. 40-1 (petitions must be received on the due date). : 19STCP03387 A Public Interest Litigation (PIL) is a petition that can be filed by any member of the public for any matter of public interest, for redress of public wrong or injury. Miscellaneous Document Filed - AMEND WRIT OF ADMINISTRATIVE MANDATE FILED. The Supreme Court or High Court can issue this writ against both private and public authorities. The Superior Court of California - County of Orange BS163396 Tentative decision on petition for mandate: denied of Alamdea (2012) 208 Cal.App.4th 301, 310-11. App., The distinction of each lies with what the directive that the petitioning party seeks. <>stream ), If the administrative agency provides a hearing but was not required [to do so] by law, administrative mandamus does not apply. (Shelden v. Marin Cnty. As a power of attorney holder for someone, you may sign sale deeds and agreements on his behalf, but you cannot argue for him in a court of law unless specifically permitted. PDF Verified Petition for Peremptory Writ of Mandate with Exhibits : 34-2016-80002439 semile@earthjustice.org. L,xPXcAJWlA[JT\m27xC!B~f{g;gKgVJ'9FHsAyN>^Rz'=\q A writ is defined as a formal, legal document. COUNTY OF SACRAMENTO We make no warranties or guarantees about the accuracy, completeness, or adequacy of the information contained on this site or the information linked to on the state site. : PETITION FOR WRIT OF MANDATE Petitioner hereby alleges as follows: PARTIES 1. PDF United States Court of Appeals - Electronic Frontier Foundation Thus, [w]here a statute or ordinance clearly denes the specic duties or course of conduct that a governing body must take, that course of conduct becomes mandatory and eliminates any element of discretion. (Schwartz v. Poizner (2010) 187 Cal.App.4th 592, 596-597.) Your subscription has successfully been upgraded. Superior Court of California, County of San Francisco, No. Proc., 1094.5.) There are two essential requirements to the issuance of an ordinary writ of mandate: (California Assn for Health Services at Home v. Department of Health Services (2007) 148 Cal.App.4th 696, 704. You can always see your envelopes Writ of mandate (California) - Wikipedia In the DMV context, a writ of mandate commands DMV to overturn a suspension or perform some other administrative function. If you wish to keep the information in your envelope between pages, Any warrant, orders, directions, and so on, issued by the Supreme Court or the High court are called writs. Background: On May 18, 2009, petitioner and plaintiff Monarch ..of mandate. (California Employment Com. Ct. (1977) 73 Cal.App.3d 860, 862.) By this verified petition, petitioner alleges: 1. HVMo0iP%)h+?)9D[H$RBom6wmmB K Department 4 Hon. Date: December 6, 2017 Time: 1:30 pm . Writs are drafted by courts or other entities with jurisdictional or legal power. Health (2011) 197 Cal. hb```@ 9N8 h000x0LpyLG%0Mf`z/y9@ok0gKUJ%52E3IO'@@) yzkTN Code 21000 et seq.) A writ of mandate (or mandamus in Latin) is an order commanding someone to do something. While an expansive array of records can be sought via a California Public Records Act request, the right to inspect public records is not without limits. RESOURCES AGENCY, CALIFORNIA COASTAL COMMISSION, CALIFORNIA COASTAL COMMISSION BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS, Respondents, CALIFORNIA AMERICAN WATER COMPANY, Real Parties in Interest _____/ Case No. Proc., 1094.5(c).) November 15, 2019 1 0 obj Adding your team is easy in the "Manage Company Users" tab. We have notified your account executive who will contact you shortly. hb```f``d`2lx Y8Z:(0\a`x\,!aZhkiH)`b&f%_.&G! ZJ!|F) (Id.) v. Los Angeles Unified Sch. ) against Defendants J. Costelo Warden, P. Denny Assoc. the time for filing a petition for rehearing is 45 days after entry of judgment. Fed. ), Court Finding - After Court Trial 02/10/2022, Other Writ /Judicial Review (General Jurisdiction), 1 RICHARD K. SUEYOSHI CLERK E. GONZALEZ TENTATIVE RULING: A presumption exists that an administrative action was supported by substantial evidence. Case No. Wanda Jones, Real Party in Interest. (Nasha, LLC v. City of Los Angeles (2004) 125 Cal.App.4th 470, 482.) 4 Your subscription was successfully upgraded. There is no standard success rate. 30-2019-01107063-cu-np-cjc _____ preliminary opposition to petition for writs of mandamus, prohibition, and review (a) A writ of mandate may be issued by any court to any inferior tribunal, corporation, board, or person, to compel the performance of an act which the law specially enjoins, as a duty resulting from an office, trust, or station, or to compel the admission of a party to the use and enjoyment of a right or office to which the party is . Workers' Compensation Appeals Board (WCAB) - California Department Of A separately filed request for a temporary stay must also be served on the respondent. How to Litigate a Writ of Mandate Case - cacities.org Occasionally the public's right of access must yield to exemptions . 26-27.) Petition for Writ of Mandate in California - Trellis 8 Fukuda v. City of Angeles (1999) 20 Cal.4t SUPERIOR COURT OF CALIFORNIA MICHAEL KENNY CLERK S. LEE (2004) 121 Cal.App.4th 1578, 1582. NATURE OF PROCEEDINGS: HEARING ON DEMURRER AND DEMURRER TO FIRST AMENDED PETITION FOR WRIT OF MANDATE [RESP] CSP SAN QUENTIN [RESP] DAVIS, RON Court grant this petition for a writ of mandamus and direct the district courtto (i) promptly rule on Marten's Motion to Transfer Venue ("Venue Motion") and Marten's Motion to Dismiss Plaintiff's First-Amended Complaint ("Motion to Dismiss") and (ii) stay this case pending resolution of Marten's motions, including 351 v. San Diego Bd. ?6WFlN$Pth D#97oKF0'r mbYYS_VEL Master the distinctions between mandamus and mandate try clicking the minimize button instead. at 515. A Petition for Writ of Administrative Mandate is not a new trial on your matter. of Industrial Relations, Div. Once the Petition for Writ of Mandamus is filed, we have to serve it on the other party (i.e., the county). ks _;:LIV.MXRu?m\?e[Px:Rf=mpq[~v o,^ ^TZ.&p#$U%syenVu,+}eTl$V+h;V&=Q"EK6WV^CHBd!qCr(v`t2Fq 9XOZLsO\ endstream In California, there are three basic types of Common Law Writs: Mandamus, Certiorari. (1996) 44 Cal.App.4th 1776, 1785. C1|6UyX%$(1WqlxZ w` C^#SN!-aD?+(a}x (bsmVu ), The standard of review on administrative mandamus is independent review. PDF B268231 IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALiFORNIA - WorkCompCentral %PDF-1.5 % et al., BS 171872 \C~=,2(E}=' hGD(Tx%y3ifP:I^0egpaAdmYU#Ol)v-F=tX_y97HF1y^p6 <> Petition for Writ of Mandate, the San Francisco Superi or Court requires Petitioner to proceed to Arraignment and to enter a plea to Counts One through Fourteen of the Amended Criminal Complaint, unless restrained by order of this Court. The Verified Petition for Writ of Mandate by Petitioner ABM Facility Services, Inc., dba ABM Building Value is denied. 4 3 Your credits were successfully purchased. Score: 4.5/5 (2 votes) . 302, (415) 551-3723 _____ INFORMAL REPLY IN SUPPORT OF PETITION FOR WRIT OF MANDATE William J. Frimel (No. Proceedings on a petition for writ of mandate are special proceedings rather than civil actions. 0 of Cal. 127 0 obj <> endobj Venue is proper in the county in which " the cause, or some part of the cause, arose," for a suit against a public officer's act. at 259.). of Educ. A writ is a formal, legal document that orders a person or entity to perform or to cease performing a specific action or deed. 9 0 obj endstream tk2K(Zuf< M W1eU. 7 0 obj Instead, the relevant documents must be typed on 28- line pleading paper. There is no standard Judicial Council form for the Petition for Writ of Mandate. A writ petition can be filed by any person whose Fundamental Rights have been infringed by the State. In a unanimous decision, the California Supreme Court confirmed that the automatic stay pending appeal applies to a superior court judgment that orders mandatory injunctive relief.The trial court judgment ordered the San Bernardino County Board of Supervisors to vacate the Third District seat and then immediately fill the vacant seat with a new appointee selected by Governor Newsom, based on . Complete Writ Of Mandate Form online with US Legal Forms. (Code of Civ. endobj Additionally, the court expects all attorneys to be familiar with the Attorney Guidelines of Civility and . Writs of Mandate: 2 Types | Simas & Associates, Ltd. Accessing Verdicts requires a change to your plan. <> 6 0 obj ), There are two prongs to the test for the beneficial interest required to pursue an action in mandamus. [1] [2] In California, certain writs are used by the superior courts, courts of appeal and the Supreme Court to command lower bodies, including both courts and administrative agencies, to do or not to do certain things.